How to Update or Upgrade Mac OS X | None | The MacXperts

How to Update or Upgrade Mac OS X

SUMMARY

At the time of this writing (3/21/2010), Apple is poised to release its latest update to Snow Leopard, Mac OS X 10.6.3. Looks like a perfect time to review the Best Practices for updating your operating system.

BACKGROUND

The fundamental question is: “Should I update/upgrade my operating system?” A proper answer requires a little bit of thought:

Why Should I Update/Upgrade my System?
  • Security patches make your computer more secure
  • Bug fixes make your computer more stable
  • Feature enhancements provide additional functions
  • Some applications will only work with the latest versions of the system

Why Should I
Not Update/Upgrade my System?
  • More RAM will be required (only for upgrade, not for update)
  • May require more disk space
  • May decrease performance (Note: Upgrading from 10.5.x to 10.6.x almost always results in better performance)
  • May induce catastrophic data loss due to improper installation procedures
Unless there is an overwhelming Con, the Pro’s always trump. However, it is this last “gotcha” I will be addressing in this blog.


BEST PRACTICES FOR UPDATING OR UPGRADING MAC OS X

In order to avoid the heartache of data loss, I have outlined below the Best Practices for updating/upgrading your Mac operating system.

1. Repair Permissions.
- Launch /Applications/Utilities/Disk Utility.
- Select your drive in the left column.
- Click the Repair Permissions button. This may take from 1-15 minutes to complete.
-Quit Disk Utility.

2. Repair Disk Directory.
- Restart your computer.
- At the start up tone, hold down the command key and the “S” key at the same time.
- Keep down until you see a black screen with white scrolling text.
- When the text stops scrolling, enter the following exactly as shown here (no quotes): “fsck -yf”.
- Press the Return key. This may take from 1-15 minutes to complete.
- When complete, enter the following exactly as shown here (no quotes): “shutdown -h now”.
- Press the Return key. This will power down your computer.

3. Wait 2 minutes, then power on your computer as normal.

4. Create a clone or Time Machine backup of your boot drive. This is essential in the event of problems after the update, as you are able to restore your boot drive to its original state. For more information about how to create a clone backup, see my blog “Zen and the Art of Backup!”.

5. For system updates, download a Combo Update not a Delta Update. Delta updates are what typically appears in the Software Update window. Combo updates must be manually found on Apple’s site. The Delta Updates only update from one sub-version to the next. A Combo Update takes any previous sub-version and updates to the current version. As a general rule, Combo Updates overwrite substantially more of the System, potentially resolving corruption-related issues.

6. Shut down your computer, disconnect all peripherals except monitor, keyboard, and mouse.

7. Start up. Make sure no other applications are running - including anti-virus scans.

8. Run the combo updater, or in the case of an upgrade, the new OS installer.

9. When the update/upgrade completes, allow it to reboot the computer on it’s own. This can often take 30 minutes or more while the system looks stalled.

10 After the system reboots and you are returned to the desktop, repeat steps 1 and 2.

11. Launch and run your applications to verify at least minimal functionality.